Month: November 2019

Creative Commons Certificate Final Assignment Part I: Annotated Bibliography

Submitted for Final Assignment, Category 1, Option 2

The Option I chose for this first Category of the final assignment in my course is to “annotate the Additional Resources sections with either notes on what sources were most helpful or suggestions for additional sources to add.”  I have created this annotation in a Google Sheet.  In this sheet I am to:

    • Highlight or add at least five resources–one for each unit. Describe how/why they are relevant. Note where in the unit your resources build on ideas presented (citing the unit section number and paragraph).
    • Additionally, suggest at least 3 annotations for new resources to add from non-North American sources.  Describe how/why they are relevant. See grading rubric for annotation requirements.

I chose this option as I think it might be useful to others (and useful to me to easily refer back to as I move forward promoting Open at our institution)!

Note that my Category 2 is a “choose your own adventure”, and will be posted on a separate WordPress site.

So, to give you a quick snapshot, I have chosen to highlight the following Additional Resources to annotate in order of Unit number:

  1. Debunking the Tragedy of the Commons by On the Commons.
  2. The Public Domain Manifesto by Communia.
  3. About the Open Publication License by David Wiley.
  4. User Related Drawbacks of Open Content Licensing by Till Kreutzer (section 5.6) in Open Content Licensing: From Theory to Practice, edited by Lucie Guibault and Christina Angelopoulos.
  5. Module 9: Accessibility by Open Washington: Open Educational Resources Network.

And I have chosen the following three non-North American resources to add to the Additional Resources list for Unit 5:

  1. The Open Scotland website
  2. On Education and Democracy: 25 Lessons from the Teaching Profession
  3. Adoption and Impact of OER in the Global South

To access the full annotations for these resources, go to my Annotation Google Sheet.

Stay tuned for my next post which will link you to my Category 2, Choose your own Adventure Option!

 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

UNESCO OER Recommendations

As I finish up my Creative Commons course (stay tuned for my final assignments which are due on December 1), I have made a decision to use this blog space to post more of my own personal professional thoughts on edtech, elearning, and open education.

So, to get me started on posting things that are NOT part of assessments, I wanted to reblog a post by David Wiley reflecting on the recent UNESCO OER Recommendations report.  I personally hope this report leads to post-secondary institutions making Open a priority, working with faculty and those of us who support them to implement mindful change to give students more options around quality educational materials at no cost to them, that they can also build on and share in their own practice.

So, without further ado, here is a link to David Wiley’s post:

Some Thoughts on the UNESCO OER Recommendation

 

 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons comes to Work

Submitted for Assignment 5, Creative Commons for Educators

The goal of this post is to “produce a strategy or informational document in which you reflect on how the values and practices of the Creative Commons can (or already do) have a positive impact in a context that is important to you, and to confront a specific issue in that context where what you have learned can make a real contribution.”  After several false starts, I finally settled on writing a more reflective piece, and to consider some more personal workplace goals.

When I think about Creative Commons, I recall all the sharing I have done with various colleagues over the past 30 or so years of working in educational technology and eLearning.  And how much easier sharing has become over those 30 years as materials moved from simply electronic, to available on the Internet.

Back in the day, when I worked in DOS (remember DOS?) on computer assisted language learning (CALL), we used what basically amounted to open source software, developing language lab computer exercises we shared back to others in our CALL community across Canada.  These programs were only available on individual computers, but we could share using floppy discs (you know, they looked like SAVE icons!).

Then I moved into the Learning Management System world where content was  locked down, but we, as instructional designers in distance education, shared our practices and training materials with each other, as well with any instructor who had a yen for learning more, using URLs and email attachments.

Now, in my current position, a large part of my job is to develop training/development documents, courses, materials, etc. for faculty around integrating educational technology  and digital pedagogies into their teaching – the technical hows, and the pedagogical whys.  I create all of these materials under a CC-BY or CC-BY-SA license, and while they are first placed in our LMS for easy access for faculty, I now also blog them to the world.

So, we’ve come a long way, but one thing that has not changed over the years are issues of academic freedom and intellectual property, as well as questions of institutional “ownership”, and, sometimes, reticence by faculty to share.  And even more now with the increase of Open Pedagogy, and the concept of the non-disposable assignment, we also face protecting the privacy of our learners (even if they are also faculty) and finding ways to support those not quite ready to share their learning experiences in an open space (as opposed to a more closed, safer feeling space).

To give you a better idea of my context before I talk about my own dreams and goals moving forward, I work as an instructional designer in an eLearning unit which is part of a larger teaching and learning centre at a mid-sized community college, and while I do work to advocate up the chain, much of my work creating, using, and promoting open happens at the one-on-one level with faculty and colleagues.

That being said, I am very grateful to have been given the opportunity, and institutional support, to engage in this Creative Commons certificate. Open is valued at our institution, particularly within the library where they have been providing students with low- or no-cost resource options for awhile now.  Where we need to move now is in engaging with administration and faculty to show the benefits to not just students, but to the institution as a whole and to instructors facing a number of policy challenges (indigenization, interculturalization, inclusive design, accessibility, etc.) which OERs can help resolve.  In other words, it should not be a checklist of separate things to add to your teaching, but supported as a holistic approach.  This is a long-term challenge I cannot face on my own – I need to find and build a network of champions within my institution (librarians, faculty, administrators).

Luckily, I am not alone in facing challenges of promoting Open at a post-secondary institution.  For example, just this week I received notice that Dr. Tannis Morgan (a past learner in this certificate) has published an article entitled “Getting to Openness at a Closed Institution: A Case Study of Evolving and Sustaining Open Education Practices” which is a great case study of how a BC institution has made OER a priority in spite of tensions to being open.  In addition, we have BCcampus on hand to support Open initiatives within, and build connections between, post-secondary institutions across the province.  Finally, I am curious to see how the new draft UnescoUNESCO Recommendation on Open Educational Resources (OER)” will affect the way post-secondary institutions prioritize open within their mandate and policies both globally and locally.

My personal challenge, and one which I can realize more immediately, is to develop, host, and deliver open, asynchronous learning opportunities for our faculty, as well as to anyone who wants to avail themselves of them, and to encourage people to share back what they create and share back any improvements they make to the materials.  For example, over the next 6 months, I will be creating asynchronous “workshops” in WordPress that are all licensed CC-BY-SA.  I will also work with my colleagues to revise face-to-face workshops so they can also be shared online.  At the same time, I can collaborate with others in BC around creating and revising CC tutorial resources, sharing out my revisions and remixes  as I go.

All this sharing is sometimes tricky, not technically, but practically.  In other words, how do you get the word out to people, how do you know if people are using the materials, and how do you encourage people to connect?  I hope I am up to the challenge!

 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Adapt, not Assimilate!

Submitted for Assignment 4, Using CC Licenses and CC-Licensed Works

Applying a CC license to your own work is a good first step to entering the wonderful world of sharing.  Adopting or copying a CC licensed work and sharing it out (according to its license) is a good next step.  But, there are other ways you can create new open educational resources (OER) through mixing and matching CC licensed creations already out there.  So, in this assignment post for Unit 4 of the Creative Commons certificate, we explore remixes as adaptations/derivatives and collections.

When you mix (or remix) CC creations, you can either create an adaptation or derivative as a new creation, or create a collection.  We’ll look at adaptations/derivatives first.

Adaptations/Derivatives

According to Unit 4 of the course, “to constitute an adaptation, the resulting work itself must be considered based on or derived from the original” which often involves rearranging a work in some way, while also inserting other creations and/or your own creation(s) into the whole mix, rather like you are cracking eggs into a bowl to create an omelette, or a delicious scrambled egg mixture.

Scrambled eggs

Takeaway / CC BY-SA 3.0

Of course, you can also take one single work and create an adaptation of it by taking parts out, mixing parts up, etc.  An adaptation doesn’t have to be a combination of multiple creations, for example taking an open textbook and using only some of its chapters, reordering them, removing sections, etc. to create a new version of the open textbook.

It’s important to note that “adaptation” is not defined the same way in every country, as you can see at the Creative Commons FAQ site.  I find it interesting that some of these differences are dependent on what the law views as the “originality/creativity” of the adapted work, which in my mind are rather subjective concepts.

With regards to how you can license adaptated/derivative works, the important thing to keep in mind are the original licenses of the works you have adapted/mixed together.  The license you apply needs to be compatible with ALL of the licenses.  A good way to check is by using the License Compatibility Chart:

License Compatibility chart

CC License Compatibility Chart / CC BY 4.0

Note that, not surprisingly enough, the one license type that can NOT be used in a remix/adaptation is the ND (non-derivative) license!

Another nice explanation of combining licenses works can be seen in this video:

Creating OER and Combining Licenses

TheOGRepository / CC-BY-SA (3.0)

Collections

Now, a collection is a little different.  Collections are simply that – collections of various CC-licensed works with no mixing, no rearranging, no changing the essence of the individual creations at all.  Rather like creating a textbook or course pack where each chapter is an unchanged article or another textbook’s chapter, etc.  The image I present below is a collection I created in Pixlr from CC-licensed images, inspired by my own hunger – I have simply taken three images and combined them into one whole without altering any one of them.

breakfast of champions

“Breakfast of Champions” CC BY-SA 4.0, compiled by Emily Schudel of “Scrambled eggs on a plate” by Afifa Afrin used under CC BY-SA 4.0, “Bacon” by Renee Comet, used under Public Domain, and “A plate of hash browns” by Jason Zhang, used under CC BY-SA 3.0.

Note the licensing of this collection.  The license I apply to the collection only covers the arrangement of the individual pieces I made.  Each individual work retains its own license.  But, as with the licensing of an adaptation, the license I apply to the collection must be compatible with the licenses of the individual creations.

The concept of a collection can sometimes be a bit confusing.  I was wondering what I would consider this blog post to be:  an adaptation or a collection.  I think I would consider it to be a collection since each individual CC-licensed creation is unchanged, although I have added my own “stuff” to contextualize each creation.  But, it could perhaps also be considered an adaptation since I have incorporated a collection in Breakfast of Champions.   Christine Hendricks, in her submission for this same assignment last year, asked similar questions about the boundaries that define the distinction between collections and adaptations.  I will need to take more time with this concept before I feel 100% confident in my understanding of it!  Either way, the license I have applied to the bottom of this post is compatible with all CC-licenses of the individual creations I have included here.

If you want to read more about the differences between adaptations/derivatives and collections explained in more delicious metaphors , check out this great blog post by Nate Angell: Open Licensing over TV Dinners and Smoothies.

References

TheOGRepository. (2012, September 12).  Creating OER and Combining Licenses. [Video File]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hkz4q2yuQU8

 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.